Biofabrication of polyphenols coated Nano palladium and its in-vitro cytotoxicity against human leukemia cell lines (K562)

Abstract The biofabrication of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) using aqueous leaf extract of Pelargonium graveolens is reported herein. The polyphenols present in the Pelargonium graveolens extract are mainly responsible for reduction and subsequent stabilization of formed PdNPs. UV–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) absorption and reaction color change from yellow to brown indicated the formation of PdNPs. The as synthesized PdNPs were studied by using characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Zeta potential measurements and Selected area electron diffraction (SAED). FTIR analysis and Zeta potential measurements showed the capping of polyphenols onto the surface of PdNPs, which further responsible for preventing aggregation of PdNPs. TEM image showed that the PdNPs exists in the range from 50 to 150 nm. Also, XRD pattern revealed the crystalline nature of as synthesized PdNPs. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies of Pelargonium graveolens extract capped PdNPs was conducted using human leukemia cell lines (K562) by following an MTT cell viability assay and is found that the cytotoxicity is dose dependent. Further, the synthesized PdNPs will open a new opportunities in the field of biomedicine. Also, the produced method is an alternative to the chemical synthetic approaches that are being used nowadays.