5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine inhibits osteolysis induced by titanium particles by regulating RANKL/OPG ratio

Abstract Periprosthetic osteolysis (PIO) caused by wear particles is the main cause of implant failure, which is regulated by nuclear factor κ B receptor activator ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system. At present, there is a lack of effective drugs to prevent or treat PIO. Previous studies have confirmed that DNA methylation is closely related to postmenopausal osteoporosis and can affect the expression of OPG and RANKL. However, the relationship between DNA methylation and PIO is not clear. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine (AzadC) on osteolysis induced by titanium particles in a mouse model. This inhibition mechanism is achieved by changing the ratio of RANKL/OPG in the osteolysis model. In conclusion, there is a relationship between DNA methylation and PIO. AzadC has a certain inhibitory effect on osteolysis induced by titanium particles. Regulating DNA methylation may be a new way to treat PIO. Our findings lay a foundation for epigenetic understanding and intervention of osteolysis.