Incidence, clinical characteristics, and associated diseases in patients with immune thrombocytopenia: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan

Abstract Introduction Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated disease; it has been reported to be associated with several diseases. The data on ITP in patients with hepatitis B, tuberculosis, or thyroid diseases are relatively scarce. In addition, these diseases are not rare in Taiwan, together with hepatitis C and Helicobacter pylori which are also related to ITP. Methods and materials We identified 1223 ITP patients and characterized these patients between 2000 and 2013 from the National Health Insurance Research Database. The adult ITP patients were matched with non-ITP patients. Results The overall incidence of ITP was 2.59/100,000 person-years. The frequencies of hepatitis B and C in adult ITP patients were much higher than those indicated in previous studies. The frequencies of non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage and gastrointestinal bleeding during hospitalization among ITP patients were low. The diseases associated with increased risks of ITP included hepatitis B (OR = 18.70, 95% CI = 9.71–36.03), hepatitis C (OR = 54.43, 95% CI = 15.94–185.88), hepatitis B and hepatitis C (OR = 7.02, 95% CI = 1.47–33.56), tuberculosis (OR = 5.37, 95% CI = 2.72–10.61), Helicobacter pylori infection (OR = 5.93, 95% CI = 3.16–11.10), hyperthyroidism (OR = 3.43, 95% CI = 2.09–5.64), hypothyroidism (OR = 6.70, 95% CI = 2.35–19.13), and simple and unspecified goiter (OR = 2.68, 95% CI = 1.43–5.03). Conclusions Surveying for the diseases which are frequent and related to increased risks of ITP among patients with newly diagnosed ITP should be considered.