Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: risk factors for liver fibrosis

Abstract The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and identify risk factors for severe hepatic fibrosis. Materials and Methods: Eighty-one patients with biopsy-proven NASH were studied. In all patients, the diagnosis of NASH was established on the basis of following criteria: (1) the presence of steatosis, lobular inflammation, and ballooning degeneration on liver biopsy, (2) intake of less than 20 g of ethanol per week, and (3) appropriate exclusion of other liver diseases. Results: The median age was 54 years (range: 21–82 years) and 41 patients were women (51%). Obesity was present in 58 patients (72%), while 25 patients (31%) had diabetes mellitus and 33 patients (41%) had hyperlipidemia. Histologically, 58 patients (72%) had trivial to moderate fibrosis, 6 patients (7%) had bridging fibrosis, and 17 patients (21%) had established cirrhosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis assessed clinical, laboratory and histological factors showed that the risk factors for fibrosis were a low platelet count ( P =0.0016), a high AST/ALT ratio ( P =0.0229), and the presence of Mallory bodies ( P =0.0209). To exclude factors that were a consequence of liver cirrhosis, variables included in the multiple logistic analysis were age, gender, diabetes, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. This showed that older age ( P =0.0037) and the absence of hyperlipidemia ( P =0.0150) were risk factors for fibrosis. Conclusions: We found that a low platelet count, a high AST/ALT ratio, and the presence of Mallory bodies were significant predictors of severe liver fibrosis.