The Ethics of Genetic Engineering

Preface CHAPTER 1: GENETIC ENGINEERING: PAST AND PRESENT AS PRELUDE TO THE FUTURE A. Fractious Problems and Ethical and Policy Decision Making B. Past: Genetic Medicine, Eugenics, Reproductive Medicine and Counseling 1. Genetic Medicine 2. Eugenics 3. Reproductive Medicine and Counseling C. Present: The Prospect of Genetic Engineering, the Gathering Debate, Fractious Problems and Decision Making 1. The Prospect of Genetic Engineering 2. The Gathering Debate 3. Fractious Problems and Decision Making CHAPTER 2: UTILITARIANISM AND ENGINEERING TO MAXIMIZE WELFARE A. Juanita, Louis, and Dr. Bentheme B. Utilitarianism: Justification, Impartial Welfare Maximization, and Action Guidance 1. Justification 2. Impartial Welfare Maximization i. Welfare ii. The welfare of future persons iii. Maximization, motivation, and decision making iv. Impartiality v. Utilitarian and consequentialist perspectives on genetic engineering 3. Action Guidance C. Utilitarianism and Genetic Engineering CHAPTER 3: DEONTOLOGY: ENGINEERING AT THE EDGES OF DISEASE, DISABILITY, DIFFERENCE, AND DEATH A. Miles, Lamar, and Dr. Neo B. Deontological Ethics: Justification, the Right, and Action Guidance 1. Justification 2. The Right i. Right, duty, and the categorical imperative a. Deontology and consequentialism b. Kantian duty as action from law c. Maxims and universalization: The first formulation d. Persons as ends in themselves and members of the kingdom of ends: The second and third formulations e. Critiques ii. Deontology, children, and future children 3. Action Guidance i. Moral personhood and Kantian respect ii. Principles and Kantian universalization iii. Dignity and rights C. Deontology and Genetic Engineering CHAPTER 4: VIRTUE ETHICS AND ENGINEERING FOR THE VIRTUES A. Leonard, Trisha, and Dr. Arete B. Virtue Ethics: Justification, Character, and Action Guidance 1. Justification 2. Character 3. Action Guidance C. Virtue Ethics and Genetic Engineering CHAPTER 5: GENETIC ENGINEERING, FRACTIOUS PROBLEMS, AND A NAVIGATIONAL APPROACH TO POLICYMAKING A. Utilitarianism As a Public Philosophy B. Deontology As a Public Philosophy C. The Virtues in Public Philosophy D. A Navigational Approach Notes Bibliography Index