ESTRÉS TÉRMICO EN CULTIVO DEL TRIGO. IMPLICACIONES FISIOLÓGICAS, BIOQUÍMICAS Y AGRONÓMICAS

Heat stress in plants trigger responses that affect phenology, physiology, metabolism, and in some cases modify genetic expression, causing variations on agronomic and industrial yield in crops such as wheat. Although not all species and varieties show similar responses to heat stress, monitoring the response of the available germplasm through physiological, biochemical and molecular indicators will allow to identify possible progenitors for genetic improvement, and to recommend tolerant genotypes to regionalize varieties. Given the imminence of climate change that includes significant increases of temperature in several regions where wheat is grown, it is necessary to assess its effects. An important step in this direction is to know the actual state of current research related to the heat stress response. In the present article some heat stress effects on wheat are described due to its importance for human and animal food, and its contributions to the international economy.