Generation Expansion Planning Restricted by Primary Frequency Response

With the penetration of high proportion of renewable energy resources, the inertia capability of power system becomes the bottleneck to restrict the development of renewable energy. However, the existing research and practice fail to consider the requirement of primary frequency response (PFR) when making the generation expansion plan of renewable energy resources such as wind power. In this paper, we propose an optimal generation expansion planning framework for wind and thermal power plants with PFR restricted. Based on the frequency equivalent model, a PFR model considering thermal power investment and startup/shutdown is established, and the linearization constraints of PFR are derived theoretically. In order to minimize the expected cost of investment and typical scenario operation, a collaborative planning model of thermal power and renewable energy considering PFR constraints is built. Case studies based on the modified IEEE 39-bus system demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with ignoring PFR, this method can effectively reduce the cost of the whole planning and operation cycle, and improve the accommodation rate of renewable energy.