Género gramatical de COVID-xenismos

EnglishThis text deals with the theme of neologisms that emerged as new words or updated their semantic scope during the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the expressions burnout, COVID, long-COVID, COVID-drive, fake-news, hoax, lockdown, remdesivir (rendesivir), webinar and zoonosis were analysed. The aim of the research was to monitor two factors associated with them: their general knowledge by native speakers of different Portuguese-speaking nationalities and their morphological integration in the Portuguese language. The study was based on a survey distributed in March and April 2021 and on six sociolinguistic factors: nationality, residence, sex, education, age, and preferred media. Of these factors, the most relevant were the diatopic and the educational ones with regard to the degree of (un) knowledge and the oscillation of the grammatical gender of the neologisms in question, which usually occurs, in real use, despite their integration in the dictionaries. Based on the collected data, we propose to calculate the generic oscillation coefficient and degree that should contribute to the most complete and effective lexicographic treatment of the generically unstable words. portuguesO presente texto ocupa-se do tema de neologismos que surgiram como palavras novas ou atualizaram o seu escopo semântico durante a pandemia da COVID-19. O alvo da pesquisa foi monitorar o conhecimento geral e a integracao morfologica das expressoes burnout, COVID-19, covid-longa, covid-drive, fake-news, hoax, lockdown, remdesivir/rendesivir, webinar e zoonose na lingua portuguesa. O estudo foi realizado com base num inquerito distribuido em marco e abril de 2021 e baseado em seis fatores sociolinguisticos: nacionalidade, residencia, sexo, formacao, idade e media preferidos. Destes fatores mostraram-se como os mais relevantes o diatopico e o de formacao, sobretudo, no que diz respeito ao grau de (des)conhecimento e a oscilacao do genero gramatical, que habitualmente ocorre, no uso real, apesar da sua dicionarizacao. Com base nos dados recolhidos, propomos calcular o coeficiente e o grau de oscilacao generica, que deveriam contribuir para a dicionarizacao mais completa e efetiva das palavras de genero gramatical instavel.