Induction of cardiomyocyte proliferation, a new way forward for true myocardial regeneration?

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and heart failure (HF) are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and although acute treatment during myocardial infarction has improved significantly, chronic burden of the disease gained much attention recent years (1,2). The major cause of the failing hearts, however, the loss of contractile cardiomyocytes is currently still a problem to overcome.