Plasmonic nanobubble theranostics for intra-operative and preventive treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
2014
Chemoradiation-resistant cancer cells and unresectable micro-tumors limit treatment efficacy and lead to high nonspecific
toxicity or recurrence in head and neck cancers. We show the cancer cell-specific, on-demand enhancement of
the chemo- and chemoradiation therapy with mechanical intracellular impact of plasmonic nanobubbles, a laser pulseinduced
explosive nano-event, not a particle. We report cellular mechanisms of cancer cell-specific detection and
enhancement of the entry drug and X-ray dose and validate these mechanisms in vitro and in vivo for head and neck
squamous cell carcinoma. Plasmonic nanobubble technology showed more than 10-fold enhancement of the therapeutic
efficacy compared to standard chemoradiation in murine models of primary, microscopic residual and recurrent diseases.
At the same time our technology efficiently spared adjacent normal tissues due to the reduction of the effective
therapeutic doses of drug by 30-40 fold, X-rays by 15-fold and the treatment time to a single procedure. The developed
plasmonic nanobubble technology transforms a standard macro-therapy into a cell-level on-demand theranostic
treatment for primary, adjuvant and adjunct applications.
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