Demand Response Optimal Dispatch and Control of TCL and PEV Agents with Renewable Energies

Demand response (DR) flexible loads can provide fast regulation and ancillary services as reserve capacity in power systems. This paper proposes a demand response optimization dispatch control strategy for flexible thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) with stochastic renewable power injection. Firstly, a chance constraint look-ahead programming model is proposed to maximize the social welfare of both units and load agents, through which the optimal power scheduling for TCL/PEV agents can be obtained. Secondly, two demand response control algorithms for TCLs and PEVs are proposed, respectively, based on the aggregate control models of the load agents. The TCLs are controlled by its temperature setpoints and PEVs are controlled by its charging power such that the DR control objective can be fulfilled. It has been shown that the proposed dispatch and control strategy can coordinate the flexible load agents and the renewable power injection. Finally, the simulation results on a modified IEEE 39 bus system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed demand response strategy.