Spectral type solar radiance measuring instrument

The invention relates to a spectral type solar radiance measuring instrument and belongs to the technical field of irradiance measurement and information processing. The measuring instrument is composed of an optical receiving unit, an optical coupling unit, a fiber optical spectrometer module unit, a global positioning system (GPS) module unit, a thermostatic control unit, a case and the like. According to the measuring instrument, key technologies such as solar radiation collection by a lens, fiber optic bundle transmission, grating light splitting and an array detector are adopted to measure solar radiance in ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared and infrared wave bands, and wired or wireless transmission of observation data is achieved through data interfaces. As a high-resolution solar irradiation observation instrument provided with a wavelength resolution function, the measuring instrument can obtain a two-dimensional spectrogram about irradiance-wavelength as well as a three-dimensional spectrogram about irradiance-wavelength-time at a certain moment, the data information quantity is rich, and broad application prospects in fields of meteorological observation, solar energy resource assessment, air pollution detection, modern agriculture and ecological security research and the like are provided.