Cost-Effectiveness of Mirabegron Compared with Antimuscarinic Agents for the Treatment of Adults with Overactive Bladder in the United Kingdom

Abstract Background Mirabegron, a first-in-class selective oral β 3 -adrenoceptor agonist, has similar efficacy to most antimuscarinic agents and a lower incidence of dry mouth in patients with overactive bladder (OAB). Objectives To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of mirabegron 50 mg compared with oral antimuscarinic agents in adults with OAB from a UK National Health Service perspective. Methods A Markov model including health states for symptom severity, treatment status, and adverse events was developed. Cycle length was 1 month, and the time horizon was 5 years. Antimuscarinic comparators were tolterodine extended release, solifenacin, fesoterodine, oxybutynin extended release and immediate release (IR), darifenacin, and trospium chloride modified release. Transition probabilities for symptom severity levels and adverse events were estimated from a mirabegron trial and a mixed treatment comparison. Estimates for other inputs were obtained from published literature or expert opinion. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and total health care costs, including costs of drug acquisition, physician visits, incontinence pad use, and botox injections, were modeled. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. Results Base-case incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged from £367 (vs. solifenacin 10 mg) to £15,593 (vs. oxybutynin IR 10 mg) per QALY gained. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed that at a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20,000/QALY gained, the probability of mirabegron 50 mg being cost-effective ranged from 70.2% versus oxybutynin IR 10 mg to 97.8% versus darifenacin 15 mg. A limitation of our analysis is the uncertainty due to the lack of direct comparisons of mirabegron with other agents; a mixed treatment comparison using rigorous methodology provided the data for the analysis, but the studies involved showed heterogeneity. Conclusions Mirabegron 50 mg appears to be cost-effective compared with standard oral antimuscarinic agents for the treatment of adults with OAB from a UK National Health Service perspective.