Effect of Nerodilol and Carvone on in vitro Permeation of Nicorandil Across Rat Epidermal Membrane

ABSTRACTThe objective of the study was to investigate the effect of nerodilol and carvone on the in vitro transdermal delivery of nicorandil so as to fabricate a membrane-moderated transdermal therapeutic system. The in vitro permeation studies were carried across the rat epidermal membrane from the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) gels (prepared with 70:30 v/v ethanol–water) containing selected concentrations of a terpene such as nerodilol (0% w/w, 4% w/w, 8% w/w, 10% w/w, or 12% w/w) or carvone (0% w/w, 4% w/w, 8% w/w, 12% w/w, or 16% w/w). The amount of nicorandil permeated (Q24) from HPMC gel drug reservoir without a terpene was 3424.6 ± 51.4 μg/cm2, and the corresponding flux of the drug was 145.5 ± 2.2 μg/cm2· h. The flux of nicorandil increased with an increase in terpene concentration in HPMC gel. It was increased ranging from 254.9 ± 3.1 to 375.7 ± 3.2 μg/cm2·h or 207.6 ± 4.7 to 356.7 ± 15.3 μg/cm2· h from HPMC gels containing nerodilol (4% w/w to 12% w/w) or carvone (4% w/w to 16% w/w), resp...