Water conditions in Udaipur: the city of lakes.

The present study analyses the existing water sources, water supply, water usages and problems of water in Udaipur city. The study is based on primary data collected by feld survey through the direct questionnaire to the respondents during 2014 in Udaipur city. The study shows that the main source of water supply in the city is surface and ground water to fulfl the daily water needs. Lakes of Fatehsagar, Pichola, Jaisamand and Mansi Wakal Dam are the main surfcial sources of water for the residents of Udaipur city. Besides this, Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) has 53 tube wells and 29 open well/borings/step wells, which supplemented the existing water supply system in the city. About 50 per cent households are satisfed with the existing water supply provided by Municipal Corporation in Udaipur city. Nearly three-fourth per cent households have indoor tap water connections, which are provided by PHED, while 21.80 per cent households fetched the water from private bore wells and 5.13 per cent households used shared taps and hand pumps in the city. Furthermore, large proportion of households require water between 101 to 500 litres per day due to improved living standard of residents. About half share of households practiced water conservation in their houses while remaining share never practiced water conservation method. Forty per cent households observed poor pressure of water supply. The ratio of satisfed households is higher than the dissatisfed households on the purity of water supply in Udaipur city. More than eighty per cent households witnessed the problem of water shortage. More than ffty per cent households observed water pollution is a very serious problem in the city.