Efficacy of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Osteosarcoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Rationale and Objectives Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a noninvasive imaging technique that reflects the diffusion movement of water molecules through apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. The role of DWI in predicting the histological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in osteosarcoma is being increasingly researched, and a systematic review and meta-analysis of this topic is urgently required to help determine the potential diagnostic value of DWI. Materials and Methods The present meta-analysis included 13 studies (303 patients). We divided the target population into good responders and poor responders based on tumor necrosis on histological biopsy (≥90%, good responders). The mean ADC values and ADC ratio were extracted and/or calculated for the two groups. Results The mean difference in ADC values before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was significantly higher in good responders than in poor responders (mean difference, 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18–0.49; p Conclusion The mean differences in ADC values and ADC ratios before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma were significantly higher in good responders than in poor responders.