Doğumsal Kalp Hastalıkları Sıklığının Risk Gruplarına Göre Dağılımı: Fetal Ekokardiyografik Tarama

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate fetal echocardiography results in terms of congenital heart diseases (CHD) in high and low risk pregnancies in our clinic. Material and Methods: Echocardiographic records of 1025 pregnant women referred to the pediatric cardiology unit between September 2006- December 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Congenital heart disease was detected in 134 (13.1%) of all fetuses in high and low risk groups. Ventricular septal defect (38.8%) and atrioventricular septal defect (11.9%) were the most common two pathologies. The third one was multiple complex anomalies (11.2%). The prevalence of CHD in the high-risk group (n=390) was 13.3% and 16.3%in the low-risk group (n=635). There was no difference between risk groups in incidence of CHD (p>0.05). Minor cardiac pathologies were detected in 5.9%, complex pathologies were 5.1% and significant cardiac pathologies were 2.3% of the high risk pregnancies. Minor cardiac pathologies were detected in 7.4%, complex pathologies were 6.1%, and significant cardiac pathologies were 2.8% of the low-risk group pregnancies. The rate of CHD detection in the group that referred for suspicion of cardiac anomaly was 27.7% whereas, the rate of CHD detection in the group that referred for other reasons was 13.7% (p=0.01). Conclusion: Fetal echocardiography is a reliable method for diagnosis of intrauterine heart diseases. In this study, it was determined that CHD was high in the group that was referred for cardiac anomaly; nevertheless the risk classification was not satisfactory in distinguishing presence of CHD in groups.