Dynamic metabolic imaging of hyperpolarized [2-13C]pyruvate using spiral CSI with alternating spectral band excitation

Purpose In contrast to [1-13C]pyruvate, hyperpolarized [2-13C]pyruvate permits the ability to follow the 13C label beyond flux through pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and investigate the incorporation of acetyl-CoA into different metabolic pathways. However, chemical shift imaging (CSI) with [2-13C]pyruvate is challenging due to the large spectral dispersion of the resonances, which also leads to severe chemical shift displacement artifacts for slice-selective acquisitions.