Supramolecular Stacking of Doxorubicin on Carbon Nanotubes for In Vivo Cancer Therapy

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a member of the anthracycline class of chemotherapeutic agents that are used for the treatment of many common human cancers, including aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.[1,2] However, DOX is highly toxic in humans and can result in severe suppression of hematopoiesis, gastrointestinal toxicity,[3] and cardiac toxicity.[4] To date, several approaches, including delivery using liposomes (DOXIL),[5] have been developed to reduce the toxicity and enhance the clinical utility of this highly active antineoplastic agent.