Prevalência de excesso de peso, obesidade central e risco de comorbidades metabólicas em adultos com HIV/AIDS sem terapia antirretroviral

Objetive: To describe the prevalence of overweight, central obesity and risk of metabolic comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS, without antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study held in an Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Referral Treatment Center of Belo Horizonte, MG, with adults with HIV/AIDS, who had not initiated ARV therapy. The study collected information on weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Food intake was investigated through the application of 24-hour dietary recall. Additionally, a questionnaire was used to collect socioeconomic data. Results: Of the 100 volunteers, 76% were men with average age of 37.1 years. Approximately one third had CD4 ≤ 200 and 64% were classified as sedentary. Men had higher mean weight (71.6 kg against 59.9 kg) and height (1.72m against 1.60m) compared to women. Weight excess and central obesity prevalences of were 4.1% and 35.7%, respectively. Substantially increased metabolic comorbidities risk was present in 20.4% of the subjects. Half of the sample consumed large amounts of processed foods and registered low consumption of fruits and vegetables. Conclusion: Before initiating the ARV therapy, the individuals with HIV/AIDS already presented overweight, central obesity, and consequent risk of metabolic comorbidities. Therefore, health education interventions prior to the ARV therapy are necessary for primary prevention of future metabolic problems.