Citomegalovirus: infección congénita y presentación clínica en recién nacidos con síndrome de difi cultad

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a multifactor ial and common disease that varies from 15 to 50 % in the newborn, causing 50 % of mortality. The RDS may be associated with bacterial and viral infections, and one of the most common viral agents is the cytomegalovirus (CMV). In the neonatal period the virus incidence goes from 0.4 to 2.5 % with a seroprevalence of 50 to 75 %; the incidence of infection in newborn with RDS is unknown. The objective was to determine the frequency of CMV infection in neonates with RDS and identify the risk factors associated with infection. Methods: The CMV-DNA was identifi ed in plasma by quantitative PCR; maternal and neonatal variables that defi ned the clinical fi ndings were analyzed by logistic regression. Results: The frequency of CMV infection in 197 infants with RDS was 8.6 % (95 % CI, 4.7-12.5). The signifi cant variables in newborn were: neutropenia (p = 0.012), thrombocytopenia (p = 0.021), mottled skin (p = 0.03), and the maternal signifi cant variable was cervicovaginitis (p = 0.05). Conclusions: We reported for the fi rst time the highest frecuency of CMV infection in newborns with RDS and the association of various risk factors with CMV infection.