Performance analysis of photonic crystal based biosensor for the detection of bio-molecules in urine and blood

Abstract Photonic crystal based sensing technology is the latest technology for various bio-sensing applications. A 2D photonic crystal (PhC) hexagonal shaped ring resonator based biosensor is simulated and designed for the detection of bio-molecules such as glucose, bilirubin, urea and albumin in blood and urine over different concentration ranges. The biosensor structure is created using line and point defect in order to form a ring waveguide and a bus waveguide above the ring structure. If the concentration of bilirubin, glucose, albumin and urea in blood and urine is varied, the refractive index is varied, which in turn changes the output response of the sensor [1] . This principle can be used to identify the aberrant value range of the glucose, bilirubin, albumin and urea in blood and urine. Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) tool called Lumericals is used for the modeling and simulation of the biosensor. The resonant wavelength shift, sensitivity, Full-Width Half-Maximum (FWHM) and quality factor (Q-factor) for different concentrations of glucose, bilirubin, albumin and urea are observed and tabulated. The Q-factor obtained for the normal range of glucose, bilirubin, albumin and urea concentration in blood and urine is 310, sensitivity is 400 nm and the resonant wavelength is around 1518.8 nm with the efficiency of 86%.