Variación del color y textura durante el salado de carne de bagre (Bagre marinus) con diferentes mezclas salinas | Variation of color and texture during salting of catfish (Bagre marinus) meat with different salt mixtures

2017 
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la variacion del color y textura durante el salado en pila de carne de bagre ( Bagre marinus ) con diferentes mezclas salinas. La carne fresca una vez caracterizada, se corto en laminas de 3,5x3,5x1 cm y un peso aproximado de 15 g. El proceso de conservacion se realizo durante 96 h con NaCl (M 1 ), mezclas de 75% NaCl y 25% KCl (M 2 ), 65% NaCl y 35% KCl (M 3 ), 50% NaCl y 50% KCl (M 4 ), 55% NaCl, 25% KCl, 15% CaCl 2 y 5% MgCl 2 (M 5 ) y de 45% NaCl, 25% KCl, 20% CaCl 2 y 10% MgCl 2 (M 6 ). A las 3, 6, 9, 24, 48, 72 y 96 h se extrajeron muestras para medir el color instrumental (L*, a*, y b*) y textura. Al termino de 96 h, la carne salada fue evaluada en cuanto a  la aceptacion sensorial por color y textura. Con los datos obtenidos del color se calculo el croma (C*), tinte (Ho) y diferencia total de color (∆E). Los valores de C* disminuyeron ( p < 0,05) utilizando M 1 , M 5 y M 6 , mientras que aumentaron ( p < 0,05) usando M 2 , M 3 y M 4 . H* disminuyo ( p < 0,05) al utilizarse M 1 , M 2 , M 3 y M 4 y aumento ( p < 0,05) al usar M 6 y M 6 Hubo un aumento ( p < 0,05) en ∆E en todas las muestras saladas, siendo mayor cuando se utilizo M 5 y M 6 . La textura aumento ( p < 0,05) al utilizarse las diferentes mezclas. La variacion de C* fue explicada mediante una cinetica de orden cero y la de H*, ∆E y textura mediante una cinetica de primer orden. El color y textura de la carne salada usando M 1 , M 2 , M 3 y M 4 fue valorada como me gusta, mientras que utilizando M 5 y M 6 lo fue como ni me gusta, ni me disgusta. Palabras clave : Croma, tinte, cinetica, textura, salazon. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation of color and texture during pile salting of the catfish meat ( Bagre marinus ) with different salting mixtures. The meat once characterized was cut into sheets of 3.5x3.5x1 cm with an approximate weight of 15 g. The conservation process was performed for 96 h with NaCl (M 1 ), mixtures of 75% NaCl and 25% KCl (M 2 ), 65% NaCl and 35% KCl (M 3 ), 50% NaCl and 50% KCl (M 4 ), 55% NaCl, 25% KCl, 15% CaCl 2 and 5% MgCl 2 (M 5 ), and 45% NaCl, 25% KCl, 20% CaCl 2 and 10% MgCl 2 (M 6 ). Samples were taken at 3, 6, 9, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h to measure instrumental color (L*, a*, and b*) and texture. At the end of 96 h, the salted meat was sensory evaluated by acceptance with respect to color and texture. With the color data, chroma (C*), hue (Ho) and total color difference (ΔE) were calculated. C* values decreased ( p < 0.05) using M 1 , M 5 and M 6 , while increased ( p < 0.05) using M 2 , M 3 and M 4 . Ho decreased ( p < 0.05) when using M 1 , M 2 , M 3 and M 4 and increased ( p < 0.05) when using M 5 and M 6 . There was an increase in the total color difference for all salted samples being higher when M 5 and M 6 were used. The texture increased ( p < 0.05) when the different mixtures were used. The variation of the C* values were explained by a zero order kinetics, and the variation of the Ho, ΔE and texture values were explained by a first order kinetics. The color and texture of the salted meat using M 1 , M 2 , M 3 and M 4 were valued as I like it, while using M 5 and M 6 they were as neither like nor dislike. Key words : Chroma, hue, kinetics, texture, salting.
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