Inflammatory biomarkers kinetic in STEMI patients and their relationship with infarct size and LVEF

Introduction Myocardial infarction (MI) is followed by an intense inflammatory response which is necessary for the healing of the infarcted area, but which can also have deleterious effect by increasing infarct size (IS). A good knowledge of this inflammatory response is necessary to develop new treatments targeting this phase. Objective Our study aims at describing the temporal kinetic of inflammatory biomarkers in ST-elevation MI (STEMI) patients and to evaluate their correlation with IS and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Method We included 100 patients of our HIBISCUS cohort (STEMI patients cohort) with blood samples collected at admission (H0), then 4 (H4), 24 (H24), 48 hours (H48) and 1 month (M1) after reperfusion. C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) and interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (ST2) were assessed in the serum by ELISA. All patients underwent a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) at 1 month. Results Patient were aged of 57 ± 10 years. Contrary to other biomarkers, IL-1β, IL-1α and TNFα were weakly detectable in the serum. CRP reached a peak at H48 with a median of 11.7 mg/L interquartile range (IQR) [2.3–29.1]. IL-6 peaked at H24 with 4.8 pg/mL IQR [1.9–14.3], IL-8 at H24 with 2.6 pg/mL IQR [1.3–4.7], IL-10 at H0 with 5.7 pg/mL IQR [2.9–11.3], GDF15 at H0 with 203.7 pg/mL IQR [106.0–301.6] and ST2 at H24 with 25.6 pg/mL IQR [16.8–37.7]. Only CRP, IL-6, IL-10 and ST2 were significantly corelated with IS (respectively r = 0.51, P  Conclusion During STEMI, we observed a specific kinetic for each biomarker with variable peak time. CRP, IL-6, IL-10 and ST2 were significantly correlated with IS and inversely correlated with LVEF.