New nitronate sigma complexes and the mechanism of nucleophilic aromatic photosubstitution para to a nitro group.
2006
Photolysis of 4-nitroanisole with aliphatic amines gives mainly N-substituted 4-nitroanilines. Reactions of this type have been widely attributed to a geminate radical mechanism. We questioned this interpretation and have searched for and found by NMR spectroscopy a new class of stable nitronate adducts generated under the reaction conditions. The adducts imply that photosubstitution by amines para to the nitro group occurs by meta σ complex formation followed by an unprecedented sigmatropic rearrangement.
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