Percutaneous cryoablation for inoperable malignant lung tumors: midterm results.

Abstract Objective To retrospectively analyze the efficacy and short- to mid-term survival rate of cryoablation for malignant lung tumors. Methods Percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation for 45 malignant lung tumors in 26 patients during 41 sessions from 2009 to 2013 were performed. Follow up CT-scan were used to determine local tumor progression. Survival rate, local tumor control rate and associated risk factors were analyzed. Results The immediate during and short-term complications with CTCAE grade 2 or upper include pneumothorax (15%), pleural effusion (20%), pulmonary hemorrhage (24%), pneumonitis (15%), hemothorax (15%), hemoptysis (10%), pain (20%), bronchopleural fistula ( n  = 1), and empyema ( n  = 2). Life-threatening bleeding or hemodynamic instability was not observed. There was no procedural-related mortality. Overall survival rate of 1, 2, 3 years are 96%, 88%, 88%. For curative intent, local tumor control (LTC) rate of 1, 2, 3 years are 75%, 72%, 72%. Conclusion Cryoablation for malignant lung tumors is effective and feasible in local control of tumor growth, with good short- to mid-term survival rate, as an alternative option for inoperable patients.