Statistical analysis applied to simulating and measuring circularly-polarized millimeter wave antennas

A framework is presented to investigate the leading causes that determine deviations between simulation and measurement results in circularly polarized (CP) antennas operating in the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) range. For mm-wave antennas in general and CP antennas in particular, the whole validation procedure is considered to be especially challenging. The mechanical differences between the application design of the antenna and its measurable counterpart also have a significant impact on the antenna characteristics.