Unusual primary location of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the uterine body with compressive form: About case

Introduction Primary non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma (NHML) of the uterine body is an extremely rare localization since only eleven cases have been reported in the literature. Case presentation We report a case of primary NHML of the uterine body discovered during a hysterectomy performed for a uterine mass. The primary character of NHML of the uterine body was retained in view of the absence of extra-genital localization in the clinical, biological and radiological workup (Ann Arbor stage IE) and there were no signs of recurrence during follow-up. The patient received anti-CD20 immunochemotherapy (rituximab-CHOP and rituximab-VCAP combinations) and at 12 months follow-up, she is in complete remission. Discussion The diagnosis of primary and isolated NHML of the uterine body is based on a clinical and further examination and regular follow-up for several months. The treatment is not codified; surgery, poly-chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the different therapeutic modalities. Rituximab-CHOP immunochemotherapy is currently the reference treatment for primary malignant lymphomas of the uterine body particularly in young patients who wish to become pregnant. The prognosis depends mainly on two factors: age and Ann Arbor stage. Conclusion Primary uterine lymphomas are rare tumors of unknown etiopathogeny and of non-specific clinical presentation, the role of the various treatments remains difficult to evaluate due to the small number of published cases.