ANÁLISE DA DESERTIFICAÇÃO DO NÚCLEO DE SÃO RAIMUNDO NONATO – PIAUÍ

In this work, the analysis of the process of desertification in semi-arid nucleous of Sao Raimundo Nonato – Piaui was done, with the use of a set of climatic morpho-pedological, biotics and economical indicators. The environmental conditions were compared for the years 1987 and 2007, when it was verified a reduction in the desertification in the area of study. In 1987, the distribution in the classes of desertification, denominated average and high, were respectively, 70% and 30%. In 2007, the distribution changed to 71% in the average class and 29% in the high desertification class, characterizing a situation of dynamic equilibrium in the study area. This decrease can be attributed to the reduction of exposed soil and the increase in the vegetal coverage in the very low class, a fact that can be caused by the increase in permanent cultures (Cashew´s culture) and a diminution in temporary cultures (Corn, Beans, and Manioc) as well as the activities of cattle raising with the decrease in the livestock (bovine, ovine, and caprine). These facts indicate a reduction in the process of desertification and consequent improvement in the environmental conditions.