Atasözleri ve Deyimlerde ‘Kan’ Kavramı (The Concept of ‘Blood’ in Proverbs and Idioms)

Bireyin; ait oldugu toplumun deneyimleri, gelenek ve gorenekleri, inanclari ve tarihi gibi zaman icerisinde edindigi birikimle donanarak o topluma ait ve toplumun kodlarina sahip olmasi “kulturel bellek” ve “toplumsal hafiza” gibi kavramlar dâhilinde tartisilmaktadir. Asirlar boyunca kusaktan kusaga aktarilarak zamanin gereksinimlerine uygun hâlde yasatilan kulturel birikim bireyin kabulu, kullanimi ve aktarimi ile bir sonraki kusaga nakledilmektedir. Bu durum edinilen bilginin yeni kusaklarin sosyal cevre ve sartlarina uygunlugu suresince devam eder; aksi durumda gereksiz ve uygunsuz hâle gelerek yasatilmasi mumkun degildir. Kulturel bellegin aktarim yollarindan biri sozlu aktarimdir. Bu baglamda sozlu kultur urunleri, gecmisten gunumuze aktarilan toplumsal deneyim ve kulturel birikimin urunudur. Kalip ifade yapisina sahip atasozleri ve deyimler de ilk ve ikincil anlamlariyla kulturel kodlar tasiyan sozlu kultur urunlerindendir ve bu bakimdan incelendiginde bir toplumun gecmisten gunumuze getirmis oldugu deneyimleri, gelenek ve gorenekleri, inanclari ve tarihi yansitirlar. Bu calismada; “kan” kelimesinin Anadolu sahasi atasozleri ve deyimlerinde karsiladigi metaforik anlamlar uzerinde durulmustur. Atasozleri ve deyimlerle aktarilan ve yasatilan gelenek ve gorenekler, inanclar ve tarihsel deneyimler islenerek gunumuzde aktif bir sekilde kullanilan bu “kanli” sozlerle aktarilan toplumsal birikim ve kulturel bellek tespit edilmistir. The fact that the individual is equipped with the experiences, traditions and customs, beliefs and history of the society to which he/she belongs and possesses the codes of the society is discussed within the concepts such as “cultural memory” and “collective memory”. The cultural accumulation, which has been conveyed from generation to generation for centuries and maintained according to the needs of time, is transferred to the next generation through the acceptance, usage and conveyance of the individual. This continues as long as the knowledge acquired is in compliance with the social environment and conditions of that time; otherwise, it becomes unnecessary and inconvenient, and accordingly unable to be maintained. Verbal conveyance is one of the conveyance ways of the cultural memory. In this context, verbal cultural products arises from the social experience and cultural accumulation conveyed from past to the present time. Proverbs and idioms having cliche expression structure are also the verbal cultural products with their primary and secondary meanings, and when examined from this aspect, they reflect the experiences, traditions and customs, beliefs and history taken from past to the present time by a society. In this study, the metaphorical meanings implied by the word “blood” in Anatolian proverbs and idioms are emphasized. The traditions and customs, beliefs and historical experiences that are conveyed and maintained through proverbs and idioms are handled, and the social accumulation and cultural memory conveyed with these bloody words that are used actively at the present time are determined.