Optical detection method for polar axis type telescope polar axis shaking errors

The invention relates to the field of telescope axis detection, in particular to an optical detection method for polar axis type telescope polar axis shaking errors. The problems that when a star calibration method is used for detecting the polar axis shaking errors of a polar axis type telescope, the calculating process is complex, the position of a fixed star needs to be known in advance, and the method is limited by weather and places are solved. The method comprises the steps that a plane mirror is arranged on an axis head of a polar axis, meanwhile, an obliquely-arranged 0.2'' parallel collimator is adopted to be aligned to the plane mirror, and the optical axis of the 0.2'' parallel collimator is parallel to the axis of the polar axis; the polar axis is rotated once every a certain angle, meanwhile, component data in the pitching direction and the orientation direction are respectively read on the 0.2'' parallel collimator, the polar axis is continuously rotated by 360 degrees, and the process is repeated four times; data processing is carried out through a Fourier hamonic function, and the root-mean-square value of the axis of the polar axis on pitching and orientation shaking components is calculated based on the Bessel formula. According to the method, the position of the fixed star does not need to be known, the method is not limited by the weather and the places, no complex mathematical calculation process exists, implementation is easy, convenience and reliability are achieved, and measuring precision is high.