Adaptive Gas Metal Arc Welding Control and Optimization of Welding Parameters Output: Influence on Welded Joints

Welding is an indispensable means for manufacturing because of its relatively low cost to ensure permanent joints. However, the increasingly rapid development of new metals and a growing need for different types of metals have resulted in more interest toward adaptive welding. Arc welding is back at the forefront of welding technology development thanks to adaptive control, even though it faces tough competition from high-energy processes. More optimal technology and advanced control that would ensure the quality of the welded joint must therefore be developed. The objective of this study is to analyze and suggest optimized technologies and settings to improve current and voltage output, to reduce the size of the heat-affected zone and defects in the joint, and above all to ensure the profile geometry of the weld and the metallurgical quality of the welded joint. The study reviews relevant scientific publications, conducts experiments in the laboratory of our institution to analyze the effect of adaptive control, and suggests optimizing procedures and control to significantly reduce defects in welding as well as to improve productivity. The results show that adaptive control is the most suitable procedure when unexpected disturbances in the working area are more frequent and different types of technologies can be used to optimize adaptive welding parameters in real-time by using artificial intelligence, such as the neural network, fuzzy control or expert controller, to adjust the output current and voltage values to achieve the required weld joint quality. The expected outcome of the study will systematically affect not only the approach to welders and welding equipment, but also their relation because the training and achieving the required qualification of welders is time-consuming and costly.