Evaluation of Serum Electrolyte Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Aim : The aim of the   study   was to evaluate the   serum electrolyte levels in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and compared with age matched healthy control. Study Design : This Hospital Based case control study was carried out on 200 subject attending outpatient Department of JMCH for a period of one year from November 2014 to October 2015. .Among 200 subjects (100 case and 100   control) in the age group of 35-70 year were selected   randomly for study. Biochemical analysis of   FBS   , Serum electrolytes (Na + ,K + ,Cl - and Ca 2+ ) done in both groups .. Result: Serum Na + was significantly low   and serum Cl - ,Ca 2+ were significantly increased   in type 2 DM  compared to control. Insignificant high value of serum K + was observed in   case compared to control.  serum Na + was negatively  correlated (correlation coefficient  -0.03) and serum Cl – and K + were positively correlated  (r=0.17 and 0.01  respectively  ) with FBS in type 2 DM. Conclusion: Electrolyte metabolism is disturbed in type 2 DM and proper glycemic control and evaluation of electrolyte levels can reduce the fatalities associated with electrolyte dearrangement in type 2 DM.