UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL FACULDADE DE AGRONOMIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA DO SOLO QUALIDADE DO SOLO EM SISTEMAS DE MANEJO DA FERTILIDADE PARA A PEQUENA PROPRIEDADE EM TANGARÁ DA SERRA - MT

The Brazilian Savannah (Cerrado) region represents a significative area to agriculture production, however, information about management systems to small farms is rare. With the objective of evaluate the impact of different management systems on soil quality of an Oxisol in Tangara da Serra, Mato Grosso State, we used an experiment with one traditional management system in the region, (i) high reactivity fertilizer, and three ecologically-based systems: (ii) low reactivity fertilizer, (iii) combined (low reactivity and organic fertilizer) and (iv) organic fertilizer. Adjacent to experimental adjacent areas was sampled two reference areas: Cerrado (natural condition) and brachiaria pasture (origin area condition of the area before experiment installation). We evaluated as soil quality indicators fertility attributes (pH, Ca, Mg, K, CTC, C, N, P, B, Cu, Zn and Mn) in 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm layers, microbiological attributes (microbial biomass-C and -N, microbial biomass-C:organic C, microbial biomass N/total N, microbial C/N ratio, organic dissolved C) in 0-10 cm layer and edaphic macrofauna (number of individuals, richness of groups, Shannon and Pielou index and abundance) in surface of soil. The fertility management systems influenced significantly the soil pH, and Ca, Mg, C, N, Cu, Zn, Mn, microbial biomass-C and –N, microbial C/N and dissolved organic C contents. The better soil quality was observed in combined fertilizer management compared to high reactivity system, and overcome Cerrado and pasture soil in some attributes. In edaphic macrofauna attributes no difference was observed between treatments.