Anti-inflammatory potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IDCC 3501 and its safety evaluation.

This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IDCC 3501 isolated from kimchi (Korean fermented food) and its safety. When lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with cell-free supernatant from L. plantarum IDCC 3501, the mRNA expression level of inflammatory markers (i.e., TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) was significantly reduced. In addition, the decreased cell viability by LPS was recovered and NO production in LPS-induced cell was also decreased. For the safety assessment, the genes responsible for antibiotic resistance and virulence were not detected from the genome analysis of this strain. Consistent with this, minimal inhibitory concentrations against various antibiotics, biogenic amines, and d-lactate production, as well as enzymatic and hemolysis activities, indicated that L. plantarum IDCC 3501 did not produce any harmful compounds during fermentation. Furthermore, no acute toxicity and mortality were observed in a murine mouse model. Based on our findings, L. plantarum IDCC 3501 is safe and beneficial for human consumption.