Peptide Sequence Influence on the Conformational Dynamics and DNA binding of the Intrinsically Disordered AT-Hook 3 Peptide

The intrinsically disordered ATHP3 was studied at native conditions and in complex with DNA using single amino acid substitutions and high-resolution ion mobility spectrometry coupled to mass spectrometry (trapped IMS-MS). Results showed that ATHP3 can exist in multiple conformations at native conditions (at least 10 conformers were separated), with a variety of proline cis/trans orientations, side chain orientations and protonation sites. When in complex with AT rich DNA hairpins, the -RGRP- core is essential for stabilizing the ATHP3: DNA complex. In particular, the arginine in the sixth position plays an important role during binding to AT-rich regions of hairpin DNA, in good agreement with previous NMR and X-ray data. Mobility based correlation matrices are proposed as a way to reveal differences in structural motifs across the peptide mutants based on the conformational space and relative conformer abundance.