Common‐reflection‐surface (CRS) stack for common offset

We provide a data-driven macro-model-independent stacking technique that migrates 2D prestack multicoverage data into a common-offset (CO) section. We call this new process the CO common-reflection-surface (CRS) stack. It can be viewed as the generalization of the zero-offset (ZO) CRS stack, by which 2D multicoverage data are stacked into a well-simulated ZO section. The CO CRS stack formula can be tailored to stack P-P, S-S reflections as well as P-S or S-P converted reflections. We point out some potential applications of the five kinematic data-derived attributes obtained by the CO CRS stack for each stack value. These include (i) the determination of the geometrical spreading factor for reflections, which plays an important role in the construction of the true-amplitude CO section, and (ii) the separation of the diffractions from reflection events. As a by-product of formulating the CO CRS stack formula, we have also derived a formula to perform a data-driven prestack time migration.