Features of liquid hydrocarbon and biomarker maturity ratios during HTHP semi-open system pyrolysis of type II and III source rocks

ABSTRACTIn order to study the liquid hydrocarbon generated by laboratory pyrolysis and the biomarker maturity ratios in expelled oil with the increasing simulation temperature, the Hydrous semi-open system high temperature high pressure (HTHP) pyrolysis experiments was performed on Type II and III source rocks from 350°C to 540°C. The results showed that expelled oil yields in both samples have a trend of increased first and then decreased with the increasing temperature, while an opposite tendency occurred in the residual oil. The biomarker maturity ratios, such as ∑C21−/∑C22+ ratio in n-alkanes, Pr/Ph ratio in isoprenoid alkenes, Ts/Tm in terpenes, and C29ββ/(αα + ββ) ratios in steranes are all better indicators in terms of maturity in pyrolysis. However, the maturity biomarkers ratios interpreted by the mechanism of isomerization such as C31-homohopanes 22S/(22S + 22R) and ααα C29-sterane 20S/(20S + 20R), which had already reached their equilibrium values, indicating that microbiological deterioration ...