Prevalence of etravirine-associated mutations in clinical samples with genotypic resistance to nevirapine and efavirenz in Brazilian clinics.

Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are potent and well tolerated. In Brazil the first-generation NNRTI efavirenz is included in the majority of first-line antiretroviral treatment regimens. In this study we evaluated the effectiveness of etravirine a new second-generation NNRTI among patients failing antiretroviral regimens containing first-generation NNRTIs. We assessed single resistance mutations to etravirine as well as complex resistance mutations profile and discuss the potential of introducing etravirine as salvage therapy.