Numerical Study on Tip Vortex Cavitation Inception on a Foil

In this paper, the inception of tip vortex cavitation in weak water has been predicted using a numerical simulation, and a new scaling concept with variable exponent has also been suggested for cavitation inception index. The numerical simulations of the cavitating flows over an elliptic planform hydrofoil were performed by using the RANS approach with a Eulerian cavitation model. To ensure the accuracy of the present simulations, the effects of the turbulence model and grid resolution on the tip vortex flows were investigated. The turbulence models behaved differently in the boundary layer of the tip region where the tip vortex is developed, which resulted in different pressure and velocity fields in the vortex region. Furthermore, the Reynolds stress model for the finest grid showed a better agreement with the experimental data. The tip vortex cavitation inception numbers for the foil, predicted by using both wetted and cavitating flow simulation approaches, were compared with the measured cavitation index values, showing a good correlation. The current cavitation scaling study also suggested new empirical relations as a function of the Reynolds number substitutable for the two classic constant scaling exponents. This scaling concept showed how the scaling law changes with the Reynolds number and provided a proper scaling value for any given Reynolds numbers under turbulent flow conditions.