Advances in Rheumatology
2021
Spondyloarthritis is a group of chronic inflammatory systemic diseases characterized by axial and/or peripheral joints
inflammation, as well as extra-articular manifestations. The classification axial spondyloarthritis is adopted when the
spine and/or the sacroiliac joints are predominantly involved. This version of recommendations replaces the previous
guidelines published in May 2013.
A systematic literature review was performed, and two hundred thirty-seven studies were selected and used to formulate 29
recommendations answering 15 clinical questions, which were divided into four sections: diagnosis, non-pharmacological
therapy, conventional drug therapy and biological therapy. For each recommendation the level of evidence supporting
(highest available), the strength grade according to Oxford, and the degree of expert agreement (inter-rater reliability) is
informed.
These guidelines bring evidence-based information on clinical management of axial SpA patients, including, diagnosis,
treatment, and prognosis.
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