Effect of longitudinal variation of vocal fold inner layer thickness on fluid-structure interaction during voice production

: A three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction computational model was used to investigate the effect of the longitudinal variation of vocal fold inner layer thickness on voice production. The computational model coupled a finite element method based continuum vocal fold model and a Navier-Stokes equation based incompressible flow model. Four vocal fold models, one with constant layer thickness and the others with different degrees of layer thickness variation in the longitudinal direction, were studied. It was found that the varied thickness resulted in up to 24% stiffness reduction at the middle and up to 47% stiffness increase near the anterior and posterior ends of the vocal fold; however, the average stiffness was not affected. The fluid-structure interaction simulations on the four models showed that the thickness variation did not affect vibration amplitude, glottal flow rate, and the waveform related parameters. However, it increased glottal angles at the middle of the vocal fold, suggesting that vocal fold vibration amplitude was determined by the average stiffness of the vocal fold, while the glottal angle was determined by the local stiffness. The models with longitudinal variation of layer thickness consumed less energy during the vibrations compared with the constant layer thickness one.