Monitoring of Anti-HLA and Anti–Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Related Chain A Antibodies in Living Related Renal Donor Transplantation

Abstract This study was undertaken with the aim to analyze the clinical relevance of posttransplant anti-HLA and anti–major histocompatibility complex class I related chain A (MICA) antibodies in response to living related donor renal transplantation. A total of 185 consecutive post–renal transplant recipient serum samples were analyzed for the detection of anti-HLA and MICA antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosolvent assay techniques. Patients carrying both anti-HLA as well as anti-MICA antibodies (MICA + /HLA + ) were the worst affected, showing significantly poorer graft survival compared with the MICA-/HLA-negative group (17% vs 89%, χ 2 = 19.63, P = .000). Similarly, patients with only MICA antibodies or those with only HLA antibodies also had significantly lower graft survival ( P = .035 and P = .001, respectively) as compared to the nonsensitized group. The study illustrated that posttransplant monitoring antibodies to both MICA as well as HLA could be good predictors of renal allograft failure.