Vascular Involvement in Diabetic Subjects with Ischemic Foot Ulcer: A New Morphologic Categorization of Disease Severity

Objectives Arteriographic lesions of diabetic subjects with critical limb ischemia (CLI) and ischemic foot ulcer were reviewed retrospectively, to provide new criteria for stratification of these patients on the basis of their vascular involvement. Patients In 417 consecutive CLI diabetic subjects with ischemic foot ulcer undergoing lower limb angiography, lesions were defined as stenosis or occlusion, localization, and length ( 10cm). In a subgroup of 389 subjects, foot arteries also were evaluated. Patients then were categorized into 7 classes of progressive vascular involvement based on angiographic findings. Results Of the 2893 found lesions (55% occlusions) 1% were in the iliac arteries, whereas 74% were in below-the-knee (BTK) arteries. Sixty-six % of all BTK lesions were occlusions, and 50% were occlusions >10cm ( p p =0.003). Conclusions In CLI diabetic subjects with ischemic foot ulcer, the vascular involvement is extremely diffuse and particularly severe in tibial arteries, with high prevalence of long occlusions. A new morphologic categorization of these patients is proposed.