Influence of Topsoil Depth on Plant and Soil Attributes of 24-Year Old Reclaimed Mined Lands

ABSTRACT Topsoil replacement on reclaimed mine lands is vital for improved infiltration, plant rooting media, enhanced nutrient cycling, and as a potential source of plant propagules to increase plant community diversity. Varying topsoil depth may influence reclamation success. This study assessed the long-term (24 years) effects of four topsoil replacement depths (0, 20, 40, and 60 cm) on plant community attributes (species richness, diversity, canopy cover, and production) and soil characteristics [organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), pH, soluble cations, electrical conductivity (EC), and cumulative water infiltration]. Species richness and diversity were highest at the 0 cm topsoil depth and lowest at the 60 cm topsoil depth. Percent canopy cover of grasses was highest (25%) at 60 cm and lowest (15%) at 0 cm topsoil depth. Percent forb cover was highest (6%) at the 0 cm depth and lowest (2%) at 60 cm topsoil depth. Seeded species cover was highest (12%) at the 40 cm depth, ...