A precíziós szántóföldi növénytermesztés összehasonlító vizsgálata = Comparative study of precision arable crop production

A precizios technologia alkalmazasa a magyarorszagi szantofoldi novenytermesztesben jelenleg meg kevesbe elterjedt, azonban a technologiat alkalmazo termelők szamanak novekedese az utobbi ket-harom evben felgyorsult. A precizios szantofoldi novenytermesztes osszehasonlito vizsgalata” cimű tanulmanyban a magyarorszagi tesztuzemi halozat szantofoldi novenytermesztő uzemeinek bevonasaval kerdőives felmeres es melyinterjuk kereteben megvizsgaltuk a precizios, valamint talajkimelő gazdalkodas magyarorszagi elterjedtseget, illetve felmertuk az alkalmazott technologia szinvonalat. A felmeres eredmenyei es a tesztuzemi rendszerben rendelkezesre allo adatok felhasznalasaval osszehasonlito vizsgalatokat vegeztunk a precizios gazdalkodas előnyeinek/hatranyainak kimutatasara a hozamvaltozas, inputanyag-felhasznalas, termelesi ertek, onkoltseg es jovedelem vonatkozasaban ot novenykultura eseteben. Az eredmenyek a hozamok, a termelesi ertek valamint az agazati eredmeny novekedeset, illetve az onkoltseg csokkeneset tamasztottak ala. A varakozasokkal ellentetben vizsgalataink az inputkoltsegek tekinteteben is novekedest jeleztek, amely azzal magyarazhato hogy Magyarorszagon az inputfelhasznalas szintje jellemzően alacsony, igy modern művelesi modra valo atteressel a kivanatos hozamok elerese erdekeben az inputfelhasznalas intenzitasat novelni szukseges. A rendelkezesunkre allo adatok birtokaban agazati szinten becsleseket vegeztunk a precizios tevekenysegre valo atteres makroszintű hatasaira. Majd a becsles zarasakent azt is megvizsgaltuk, hogy hogyan alakulna a beruhazasi koltseg a technologiat valto uzemeknel. = The use of precision technology among arable crop farms is still less widespread in Hungary but increase of the number of producers using the technology has been accelerated in the last two-three years. In the study entitled „Comparative study of precision arable crop production” the incidence of precision and no tillage farming in Hungary and the level of used technology was examined among arable crop farms of the Hungarian Farm Accountancy Data Network system by a questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews. Using the results of the survey and the data available in the FADN system, comparative assessment was completed to explore the benefits / disadvantages of precision farming regarding attainable yield, input use, output, unit cost and income for the five most dominant arable crops in Hungary. The results confirmed that application of precision technology leads increasing yields, output, per hectare profit and unit costs. In contrast to expectations, our investigations showed also increase in input costs, which can be explained by the low initial level of input use, quite common among arable farms in Hungary. The change towards to modern technology means that intensity of input use needs to be increase in order to achieve optimaleconomic performance, that is attainable with higher yields. With the available data, we carried out sector-level estimates of the macroeconomic effects, assuming farms with similar structural characteristics introduce precision farming. Finally, the cost-benefit of investment needed for the introduction of precision technology was assessed.