Natural Bone Tissue and Its Biomimetic

Abstract This chapter introduces the composition and hierarchy of natural bone. It details the three main types of bone generation: membrane osteogenesis, intraochondrogenic, and additional osteogenesis, and describes the process of fracture healing and remodeling. It points out that the ability of bone to repair itself is limited; it is difficult to self-heal when there is a large defect in the bone, which involves the treatment of bone defects. So bone defect repair materials are needed, which include natural polymer, biologically derived bone framework material, bioactive ceramics, and so on. An appropriate three-dimensional framework is an essential part of tissue engineering and should have those properties, such as safety, biocompatibility, porous, suitable pore size, mechanical properties, degradation, and biological activity.