Maintenance of virologic efficacy and decrease in levels of β2-microglobulin, soluble CD40L and soluble CD14 after switching previously treated HIV-infected patients to an NRTI-sparing dual therapy.

Abstract Novel strategies are necessary to decrease inflammatory parameters in successfully treated HIV-infected patients. Our aim was to evaluate the maintenance of viral suppression and potential changes in inflammatory, immune-activation and coagulation biomarkers in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients switched to a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-sparing (NRTI) and maraviroc (MVC)-containing combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Fifty-eight HIV-infected patients were observed after their treatment regimens were changed to MVC 150 mg/once daily plus ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor therapy. Activation-, inflammation- and coagulation-associated biomarkers and mitochondrial (mt)DNA were analyzed after a median of 24 weeks of follow-up. We observed that after changing to an NRTI-sparing regimen, 96.6% of HIV-patients on viral suppressive cART maintained viral suppression and their CD4+ T cell counts did not change significantly (median of 31 weeks of follow-up). This cART switch reduced soluble CD40 ligand ( p  = 0.002), beta-2 microglobulin ( p  = 0.025), and soluble CD14 ( p  = 0.009) in patients with higher baseline levels of these inflammation biomarkers after a median of 24 weeks of follow-up. The results of our study show that changing to NRTI-sparing dual therapy decreased the levels of inflammatory biomarkers and maintained the immune-virologic efficacy. The potential benefits of this regimen warrant further investigation to uncover the association of this therapy with the potential decrease in the morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected patients from non-AIDS-defining illnesses.