Space imaging radar in planetary exploration and Earth observation

Spaceborne imaging radars are becoming key tools for mapping Earth and planetary surfaces and near subsurface. Developments in the past decade are leading to capabilities for three-dimensional surface imaging, detection of surface subtle motion due to earthquakes or volcanic activities, color mapping of surface properties, assessment of vegetation cover, etc. In planetary exploration, the radar capability to penetrate through cloud and haze cover and the possibility of sounding below the surface cover are providing a special perspective on the planetary surface and near surface evolution. An overview of the techniques and technology of spaceborne imaging radars and their present and future potential applications is provided.