Accelerator Developments and their Application to Cancer Therapy

Basic phenomena in irradiations of X-ray and particle beams and comparison among various radiations are described. Total doses and fractionations for several sites in case of carbon beam are shown in comparison with X-ray and proton beam. Typical results of carbon beam treatments are shown. Original facility was too large. Then, smaller design of 2nd stage facility of carbon therapy was carried out as well as the further technical developments.